Crossness NR

Crossness Nature Reserve has been described as “an oasis within an industrialised urban environment, providing a unique opportunity to escape city life and enjoy one of the last remaining areas of grazing marsh within the Greater London area”. It is in Thamesmead (in the London Borough of Bexley), situated between Crossness Sewage Treatment Works and Norman Road, to the north of the A2016 (Eastern Way) (map). The site covers 20 hectare (49 acress). Because of its regionally important communities of wetland birds, plants and invertebrates, the site has been designated as a Site of Metropolitan Importance for Nature Conservation and has been awarded Local Nature Reserve status. The reserve is owned and managed by Thames Water. This document provides a good site map (p5) and area map (p7).

History
The reserve is part of the original Thames floodplain known collectively as the Erith Marshes. Over the years, much of the marshland complex has been lost to business and residential development, and the nature reserve was created in 1996 to secure part of the declining marshland habitat for nature conservation and public access. Apart from the creation of the Great Breach Lagoon to drain the marsh after the devastating floods of 1953, little had previously been done to manage the site, but since 1966 Thames Water has carried out a number of projects to improve the reserve for both wildlife and visitors. This work has included the creation of a shingle island and the excavation of a wader scrape, near to which are an artificial sand martin wall, a bat cave and an artificial nesting cliff (all constructed using reclaimed concrete pilings and other materials found in the surrounding industrial area). This enhancement work has attracted several awards.

Habitat
The reserve includes grazing marsh, a large reedbed, a network of ditches, open water, scrub and rough grassland. Important plant species include knotted hedge-parsley and Borrer’s saltmarsh grass (species characteristic of closely grazed grassland), and marsh dock – a Kent Red Data Book species. The site’s natural features have been supplemented with a wader scrape, a shingle island, a sand martin wall, a bat cave and a dipping-pond.

Species
Birds More than 130 species of bird have been recorded at Crossness Nature Reserve.

The Great Breach Lagoon attracts good numbers of wintering wildfowl, including Teal, Wigeon, Gadwall and Shoveler, in addition to typical species such as Coot, Moorhen, Mute Swan, Grey Heron and Little Grebe. The wet meadow provides a high tide roost for impressive numbers of Lapwing, Dunlin and Redshank, and the ditches attract Little Egret. At low tide, the mud flats of Halfway Reach Bay, which can be viewed from the sea wall, provide feeding grounds for huge numbers of wetland birds.

Little Ringed Plover have successfully bred on the shingle island. The wader scrape attracts Lapwing, Common Sandpiper, Greenshank and Snipe. Other waders that have been recorded on the reserve include Sanderling, Temminck’s Stint, Wood Sandpiper and Black-tailed Godwit.

The large reedbed offers the chance to view (largest in the London Borough of Bexley) has breeding and a chance to view Water Rail, Sedge Warbler, Reed Warbler, Whitethroat, Willow Warbler and Reed Bunting. The reserve is the only site within Greater London to support breeding Barn Owls.

Other species recorded at the site include Peregrine, Blue-headed Wagtail, Meadow Pipit, Cetti’s Warbler, Marsh Warbler, Dartford Warbler, Bearded Tit Linnet, Stonechat, Whinchat, Black Redstart, Ring Ouzel, and Red-backed Shrike.

Mammals

The reserve’s reed-fringed ditches are a stronghold for Water Vole. Other mammals species include Field Vole, Common Shrew, Pygmy Shrew, Field Mouse and Fox.

Invertebrates

A number of rare aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates are present on the reserve. Several rare water beetles have been recorded in the ditches and several rare terrestrial invertebrates in the ditch margins. Among a number of rare invertebrates in the reedbeds is the twin-spotted wainscot moth (a reedbed specialist with larvae that feed internally on reed stems). A rare leaf hopper and chrysomelid beetle were recorded in a survey of the ungrazed grassland, alongside Roesel’s bush-cricket (common in the Thames Estuary but rare elsewhere in the UK). Lepidoptera include Peacock, Small Tortoiseshell and Orange Tip butterflies and Cinnabar Moth. Dragonflies and damselflies include the Emperor Dragonfly, Broad-bodied Chaser, Common Darter, Ruddy Darter, Banded Demoiselle, Common Blue Damselfly and Blue-tailed Damselfly.

Practicalities
Directions

The nature reserve is north of Eastern Way (A2016), east of Crossness Sewage Treatment Works on Belvedere Road, Abbey Wood, London SE2. There is no parking at the site and limited street parking in Belvedere Road and Norman Road. However, there is an unofficial agreement between Thames Water and the owners of the Thamesview Golf Course (Fairway Drive, Thamesmead, SE28 8PP), located to the west of the Sewage Treatment Works, that visitors can use their parking, toilets and restaurant facilities, and then access the nature reserve via the Thames Pathway (a 1.3km riverside walk).

Those approaching by public transport should head for either Abbey Wood Rail Station, taking bus 229 to Crossway and walking along the Thames Path, or Belvedere Rail Station, taking bus 401 bus to Eastern Way to join the reserve from Norman Road entrance. Detailed directions can be found here.

Access

The site can be accessed by public footpaths from Norman Road (off Eastern Way), from Belvedere Road or from the Thames Pathway. The public footpaths across the reserve allow visitors to view the grazing fields, a wet meadow, ditches, ponds and the Great Breach Lagoon.

Although most of the site is open to public access, the most sensitive area for wildlife is in a protected area accessible only to members of the Friends of Crossness Nature Reserve (or on the occasional warden-led guided walk). Information on how to join the Friends is available here.

Access for disabled visitors is limited, although Thames Water intends to make some improvements. A map detailing disabled access (slopes, path surfaces and distances) can be obtained from the Conservation Warden, Karen Sutton, at Crossness Sewage Treatment Works, Nature Reserve Office, Abbey Wood, London SE2 9AQ (tel 020 8507 4889; email karen.sutton@thameswater.co.uk).

Facilities

Within the members-only area a concrete hide built into an earth bank provides close views of the wader scrape. There are no toilets on the reserve. Food and toilets can be found at Thamesview Golf Club about 1.3km west of the reserve (see “Directions” above.)

''This page has been prepared from various internet sources by someone who has never been to Crossness. If you are familiar with the site, please correct, expand and/or update this information. Please!''